1 Kings 13:18

Authorized King James Version

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He said unto him, I am a prophet also as thou art; and an angel spake unto me by the word of the LORD, saying, Bring him back with thee into thine house, that he may eat bread and drink water. But he lied unto him.

Original Language Analysis

לֵאמֹ֗ר He said H559
לֵאמֹ֗ר He said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 1 of 22
to say (used with great latitude)
ל֗וֹ H0
ל֗וֹ
Strong's: H0
Word #: 2 of 22
גַּם H1571
גַּם
Strong's: H1571
Word #: 3 of 22
properly, assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, though; often repeated as correl. both...and
אֲנִ֣י H589
אֲנִ֣י
Strong's: H589
Word #: 4 of 22
i
נָבִיא֮ unto him I am a prophet H5030
נָבִיא֮ unto him I am a prophet
Strong's: H5030
Word #: 5 of 22
a prophet or (generally) inspired man
כָּמוֹךָ֒ H3644
כָּמוֹךָ֒
Strong's: H3644
Word #: 6 of 22
as, thus, so
וּמַלְאָ֡ךְ also as thou art and an angel H4397
וּמַלְאָ֡ךְ also as thou art and an angel
Strong's: H4397
Word #: 7 of 22
a messenger; specifically, of god, i.e., an angel (also a prophet, priest or teacher)
דִּבֶּ֣ר spake H1696
דִּבֶּ֣ר spake
Strong's: H1696
Word #: 8 of 22
perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue
אֵלַי֩ H413
אֵלַי֩
Strong's: H413
Word #: 9 of 22
near, with or among; often in general, to
בִּדְבַ֨ר unto me by the word H1697
בִּדְבַ֨ר unto me by the word
Strong's: H1697
Word #: 10 of 22
a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
יְהוָ֜ה of the LORD H3068
יְהוָ֜ה of the LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 11 of 22
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
לֵאמֹ֗ר He said H559
לֵאמֹ֗ר He said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 12 of 22
to say (used with great latitude)
הֲשִׁבֵ֤הוּ Bring him back H7725
הֲשִׁבֵ֤הוּ Bring him back
Strong's: H7725
Word #: 13 of 22
to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);
אִתְּךָ֙ H854
אִתְּךָ֙
Strong's: H854
Word #: 14 of 22
properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 15 of 22
near, with or among; often in general, to
בֵּיתֶ֔ךָ with thee into thine house H1004
בֵּיתֶ֔ךָ with thee into thine house
Strong's: H1004
Word #: 16 of 22
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
וְיֹ֥אכַל that he may eat H398
וְיֹ֥אכַל that he may eat
Strong's: H398
Word #: 17 of 22
to eat (literally or figuratively)
לֶ֖חֶם bread H3899
לֶ֖חֶם bread
Strong's: H3899
Word #: 18 of 22
food (for man or beast), especially bread, or grain (for making it)
וְיֵ֣שְׁתְּ and drink H8354
וְיֵ֣שְׁתְּ and drink
Strong's: H8354
Word #: 19 of 22
to imbibe (literally or figuratively)
מָ֑יִם water H4325
מָ֑יִם water
Strong's: H4325
Word #: 20 of 22
water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen
כִּחֵ֖שׁ But he lied H3584
כִּחֵ֖שׁ But he lied
Strong's: H3584
Word #: 21 of 22
to be untrue, in word (to lie, feign, disown) or deed (to disappoint, fail, cringe)
לֽוֹ׃ H0
לֽוֹ׃
Strong's: H0
Word #: 22 of 22

Analysis & Commentary

He said unto him, I am a prophet also as thou art; and an angel spake unto me by the word of the LORD, saying, Bring him back with thee into thine house, that he may eat bread and drink water. But he lied unto him.

This verse contributes to the broader narrative of the man of god from judah, within the book's focus on spiritual decline of both kingdoms under various rulers. The temple represents God's dwelling among His people and foreshadows Christ as Immanuel ('God with us'). The prophetic office represents God's faithful witness even in apostasy, calling His people back to covenant faithfulness.

The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theological message about kingship, covenant, and faithfulness to Yahweh. This verse demonstrates the consequences when God's people—especially their leaders—either follow or forsake the covenant established at Sinai.

Historical Context

First Kings was written during or after the Babylonian exile (6th century BCE), reflecting on the monarchy period (10th-9th centuries BCE) to explain why the kingdoms fell. This period (c. 930-850 BCE) saw rapid succession and instability, especially in the northern kingdom.

Ancient Near Eastern kingship ideology viewed kings as divine representatives responsible for maintaining cosmic order through right worship. Archaeological discoveries from sites like Megiddo, Hazor, and Samaria confirm the historical reliability of 1 Kings' descriptions of building projects and administrative structures.

Questions for Reflection

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